They interpret a formalism—a set of equations and principles to generate predictions via input of initial conditions. They interpret a phenomenology—a set of observations, including those obtained by empirical research and those obtained informally, such as humans' experience of an unequivocal world.

Q is a measure of the amount of energy carried by a wave. In quantum physics, particles can be thought of as waves, and their behavior is described by mathematical equations that involve Q. 2. Q is related to the frequency of a wave. Waves with higher frequencies have higher values of Q, meaning they carry more energy.

If the first pillar of the Ithaca interpretation is that correlations are the only fundamental and objective properties of the world, the second is that the density matrix of a system is a fundamental objective property of that system whether or not it is a one-dimensional projection operator.

The theory of Max Planck is considered as one of the establishing pillars of quantum mechanics. To that end, he is attributed as the father of quantum mechanics. Planck was born in 1858 at Kiel in Germany.